Unit 16 - A1 - Development

Development

In-Camera editing: 

In-camera editing is a technique where the director shoots sequences in a strict and specific order instead of editing shots in a film into sequence after shooting. In-camera editing is done usually when you have no access to any editing software. It ensures that the scenes are shot in chronological order and all the scenes are tied into one another. One of the benefits of in-camera-editing is that it helps editors to save time as the editing has already been done during the filming. Another benefit of in-camera editing is that it saves money as you don't have to pay people to edit during post production as it is already done during the filming. 

An example of a film which used in-camera editing would be the film made by the Lumiere brother which was called the 'Exiting factory'. In this film, they shot it in the exact sequence that it was going to be shown to the viewers.

Following the action:

This is a technique where when there is big action in a scene such as a car chase, the camera will move with the action. An example of following the action would be in the James Bond film 'Skyfall'. In this film there is a scene in which the protagonist and antagonist are fighting each other on top of a train. The effect of this scene on the audience is that it allows them to see the expressions which the characters might be giving off. It is also more exciting for the audience as they can see the bullets being shot from the villain. When there is following the action in a scene it makes a scene flow, whereas if there was no flow to it, it wouldn't look as good. Another effect that this has on the audience is that it keeps them on edge and excited because they are expecting James to catch him but there is a sense of doubt.

Shot Variation: 

Shot variation is when you use a variety of different shots when filming. This includes shots such as the (LS) Long shot.  This shot tends to show the full image of the subject. Different shot types have a huge contribution to a scene. Different shot types the audience to see the situation and surroundings that the characters are in. Another effect that different shot types has is that it can create tension and suspense.

An example of a film in which there is shot variation would be the film 'The Proposal' in which the director has used close ups of both characters when they are talking to each other. This enables the audience to see the emotions that the characters are feeling. Shot variation allows the scene to be more interesting and dynamic. Shot variation is quite important in action films as it allows the audience to keep focus on all angles of the action instead of relying on one point of view which can bore the audience. This is also known as a shot-reverse-shot. This shot allows the audience to see the emotions of the characters from both perspectives.


















Manipulation:

The art of using manipulation of diegetic time and space is the editing technique used to portray time unconventionally. This is done by using things such as flashbacks. Manipulation of diegetic time and space allows the audience to also see different character perspectives and how they are feeling in the current situation that they are in. Flashbacks are used so that the audience can see images from the past. One way in which the director can show a scene as a flashback is by changing the colour. This can be done by changing the previous scene which is filled with colour to the current scene which is black and white. Another example of a flashback technique is a fade. This is a technique which occurs when the image in a scene begins to disappear and the flashback begins.

An example of a film in which a fade is used would be the film 'Scooby Doo'. In this film Velma has a scene in which there is a fade when she is about to have her flashback. The effect that this has on the audience is that it allows them to understand the difference between the present and the past. This is effective because it will make the audiences feel like they know the film better now and everything adds up in their minds.

Multiple Camera Narratives:

This is an editing technique in which multiple people are witnessing the same scene but the director decides to show the scene from each persons perspective. The effect that this technique has on the audience is that allows them to see each people's views on the current situation. Also by looking at the emotions and expressions which these characters, it can help the audience understand the type of people which these characters are. 

An example of a film which involves multiple camera narratives would be the film 'Avengers assemble'. This is because this film has more then one hero. However all these heroes have the same goal. This means the audience would be able to see how every character views the situation even though they have the same ambition.